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The Reason Why Planets And Moons Move In The Same Direction
Wang Taihai
Abstract:
The main features of our solar system are that the planets all circle around the sun in the same direction, so as do most of their moons, and the planets all lie more or less in the same plane of the sun’s equator. For centuries scientists have tried to find a theory for the solar system origin that can explain these features. Any theory that could not explain these features were usually rejected. But by force analysis, the author of this article found that these main features are not the reflection of the origin of our solar system as most theories hypothesized but are the results of its movement mechanism. The author found that if a planet does not circle in the plane of the sun's own rotation and circle the sun counterclockwise, it will not be stable and its course will be deflected. The moving pattern of our solar system determines these main features. Only in this moving pattern can the solar system survive.
Key words: the Sun, the Origin of the Solar System, the Coriolis Force
Up to now, theories for the origin of our solar system have tried to explain its main features that the planets all revolve around the sun in the same direction, so as do most of their moons, and the planets all lie more or less in the same plane of the sun’s equator. Most theories can explain these features well but can’t adequately explain some other chemical or physical phenomena. In this article I would prove that these features are not the reflection of our solar system origin but the results of its movement mechanism.
By force analysis, we will find that whatever direction an alien celestial body intrudes upon our solar system, if it is captured by the sun or by a planet it will keep changing its orbit till it circles in the same direction and in the same plane as the already existent planets and moons do.
To simplify the discussion, let’s take a look what will happen if the moon is not circling around the earth as it does now. (Let's call the direction in which all the planets circle around the sun counterclockwise. The opposite moving direction to the sun is clockwise.)
First, let’s suppose the moon’s orbit around the earth is vertical to the plane of the earth’s orbit and the direction is clockwise.
Because the earth is moving around the sun counterclockwise, the vertically moving moon will be deflected by the Coriolis force(1) and its orbit around the earth will tilt rightward since it is clockwise and will become counterclockwise around the earth eventually. The Coriolis force will continue deflect the moon until its orbit overlaps the plane of the sun's equator. Ultimately the moon will circle the earth counterclockwise in the plane of the earth’s orbit as it almost already does now.
Now, let’s suppose the moon’s orbit around the earth is vertical to the plane of the earth’s orbit and the direction is counterclockwise.
As illustrated above, the moon will be deflected by the Coriolis force and its orbit around the earth will tilt leftward to become counterclockwise around the earth eventually, too. The Coriolis force will continue deflect the moon until its orbit overlaps the plane of the sun's equator completely. Ultimately the moon will also circle the earth counterclockwise in the plane of the earth’s orbit.
Then, what if the moon was captured but clockwise by the earth right in the plane of the sun's equator? By force analysis, we can see that in this situation either the moon will collide with the earth or its orbit be distorted to be counterclockwise.
We know, when the moon moves around the earth, it’s also moving around the sun. Between the moon and the earth, their masses, gravitational force, distance and the moon’s relative orbit velocity to the earth must meet the Newton's law of universal gravitation and the circular motion principles. On the other hand, between the moon and the sun, their masses and motion parameters must also meet the Newton's law of universal gravitation and the circular motion principles. The relative orbit velocity of the moon can be calculated with the following formula.
Where:
V -the relative orbit velocity of the moon
F -the resultant force that dominates the moon’s motion
R -the distance between the moon and the sun or the earth
m -the mass of the moon.
Now, to simplify the problem, Let’s take four representative points A,B,M and N in the moon’s orbit for analysis. When the moon is at point M or N, its relative orbit velocity to the sun is the same as that of the earth. As the moon moves clockwise further to point A, its relative orbit tangential velocity to the sun increases to the highest. Yet at point A it gets opposite forces from the sun and the earth. So at point A, the moon gets the minimum resultant force (F) and it has a minimum distance to the sun (R), too. According the above equation, the moon should have a minimum relative orbit velocity to the sun (V). But its actual value is the highest. To balance the difference, the distance between the sun and the moon will be increased which means the distance between the moon and the earth will be decreased while the moon is within the earth’s orbit.
When we take point B for analysis, we can also find the inconformity where the moon should have a highest relative velocity to the sun but the actual value is the lowest. To balance the difference, the distance between the moon and the earth in the radius direction of the earth’s orbit will be also decreased while the moon is outside of the earth’s orbit.
From the above analysis, we can see if a moon runs but clockwise around a planet, its orbit would not be stable. By further analysis we can see its orbit will be elongated to a narrow strip by and by and the collision possibility between the moon and its planet is very high or is inevitable.
So however a moon comes to be captured by a planet, the moon can only move stably around the planet counterclockwise, as the way our moon is moving around the earth.
The above analysis accounts not only for the orbit of the moons around their planets but also accounts for the planets’ orbit around their sun. The principle is the same. The sun is running around the Milky Way Galaxy center at very high relative velocity. Any captured planet that doesn’t move within the plane of the sun’s equator will be deflected by the Coriolis force and be made run counterclockwise around the sun within its equator plane. So the main features that the planets all revolve around the sun in the same direction, as most of their moons do, and the planets all lie more or less in the same plane of the sun’s own rotation are not the result of the formation of the sun, it’s the result of the movement mechanism of our solar system.
Date: 2005-7-18
Notes:
(1).Coriolis force is a sidewise force exerted on a body when it moves in a rotating reference frame. It is a fictitious force because it is a by-product of measuring coordinates with respect to a rotating coordinate system as opposed to an actual push or pull.
The Contact information of the Author:
Mr. Wang Taihai
Wenzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People’s Republic of China
Address: Xingao Road, Aojiang town, Pingyang, Zhejiang, China 325401
Fax: +86 577 63638831
Email: wth@wz.ziq.gov.cn
PS.
[COLOR="Blue"]1. Some are suspicious of the Coriolis Force effect, and argued with me on Coriolis Force fiercely.
It may not be so wise for me to explain my points with Coriolis Force. So I reexplain my point in another way.
Take the second image for example.
Let’s see what will happen if the moon circles the earth freely around the earth polar orbit counterclockwise.
When the moon is right over the earth's north pole, its relative velocity (V) to the sun is the same as the earth because they are at the same orbit distance to the sun. Now the moon circles in, its centripetal force (F) to the sun is reduced. Why, because part of it is balanced off by the earth on the opposite side. On the other hand, its distance to the sun (R) is shortened now. Now let's use the formula
The F and the R are both reduced, but its velocity keeps the same as the earth. So once the moon moves in between the Sun and the Earth, the moon will have redundant velocity and will go faster than the F and R need it. The moon will go ahead of the earth.
Track man knows this principle well in the track and field running game. The first running athlete always occupies the most inner track while turning rounds so that he can keep himself ahead of others.
Now the moon is in the inner track and with the same relative velocity to the sun, it will surpass the earth. Thus moon’s orbit changes.
When the moon is ahead of the earth, universal gravitation force of the moon-earth and the moon-sun will apply a resultant force that will slow down the moon, only when the speed of the moon is adjusted down by this can the V, F and R in the above formula be kept balanced.
[COLOR="blue"]2. You did not prove that other solar system origin theories are wrong.
You are right. I have not tried to prove how other theories are wrong. That work is too wide and too wild. If mine is proved right, others will be vetoed automatically.
When being asked why the planets all circle around the sun in the same direction, and in the same plane of the sun’s equator,the most accepted theories tell people that it's the way they were born. They tell people that even in the state of embryo, they were already in the same plane and circled in the same direction.
I once asked a pupil why the polar bears are white, he answered in the same way:' They were born white.' And I asked an other one why the polar foxes are white then? She gave me a better answer:'Their fathers and mothers must be white.'
If we think their answers are right, either their theories or we are credulous.
3. [COLOR="blue"]How do you explain the exceptions, say there are moons move clockwise and Pluto's orbit is out of the sun’s equator plane so much.
I believe there once lived polar bears of black or brown colors within the northern pole. But only the white bears survive. This evolution was not completed in a day.
There also exist moons moving in the opposite direction today. They are the black bears. If they need to survive, they must turn themselves into white color or they would be extinct. This evolution will not be completed in the days that you and I can see.
The changes can not be significant. It can not be measured by our eyes nor apparatus available on our earth currently, I think. It can only be measured by time, not by the life time of a human being as yours or mine. Millions years later, Pluto’s orbit would not be so gradient as now.
[COLOR="blue"]4.If what you said is true, how comes that no observation on the orbit change was found before?
The orbit change is hard to be measured by apparatus. And the change is subtle. Furthermore, no one in the world had noticed this problem before. So no observation was made in this problem, I believe.
[COLOR="Blue"]5. Physicists and Space Engineers have already solved the equations of the rotating object in space, for more than 100 years, with these equations they sent people to the moon. What would you say then?
From the date that Newton was born to today, the moon's orbit change is very small. The moon is big enough to offer a place for us landing, it must not be the right place that the solved equations defined before our departure on the earth. (how to define the word 'accuracy' in this issue we need further discussion)
[COLOR="blue"]6. If the orbits change as you said, what’s the time period for a changing orbit?
The time period for a initially clockwise palnet to change its orbit to a normal one should meet a function, I believe, though I can not offer it right now. The time should be an infinite parameter in the sense of math, for zero is the infinitesimal limit value for the Coriolis Force to reach while reducing the intersect angle between the orbits of such planets/moons and the sun. In the sense of math, this infinitesimal limit (zero) can never be reached.
The bigger the intersect angle is, the more significant the change will be. A vertically circling moon will make the most significant tilting. The tilting speed should be proportional to the differential coefficient of a function as Sin(the angle) or similar. It's not a constant.
[COLOR="blue"]7.Your analysis is rough.
Yes. It's a guideline. Further proving activities are needed, though it might not be accomplished by myself.
Some problems that we discussed and argued about may not be so hard to solve to physics scientists. So if any one here knows any of these scientists, I hope you can ask for their help. It may be a contribution to science.
[COLOR="blue"]8.Do you have any further plans to refining your article?
I have proposed an experiment to refine my analysis with quantification. I think we can make a substantial model with iron balls and run them in the way our solar system runs. Put the moons or planets at different orbit angles, and we can see the running results. And I hope anyone who has interest in this problem could help to testify the points.
[ 本帖最后由 Chineson 于 2007-1-14 12:55 编辑 ] |
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